issue 1 (18) / 2024

The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library E-library.ru (https://elibrary.ru/contents.asp?id=65599044)

Artem Martynov

LEGAL REGULATION OF THE OPERATIONAL SEARCH EVENT «THE RESEARCH

OF OBJECTS AND DOCUMENTS, COMPUTER INFORMATION»

The article discusses some aspects of the legal regulation of the operational search event «The research of objects and documents, computer information». Based on the analysis of the legislation on operational search activity of the Republic of Belarus and a number of foreign countries the author substantiates the position on changing the name of the specified event, considers the possibility of classifying an operational officer as one of the subject authorized to conduct research on objects and documents, computer information, and proposes amendments and additions to the Law of the Republic of Belarus «On operational search activity».

The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library E-library.ru ( https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=65599045)

Andrey Tolochko

METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH OF INTERDISCIPLINARY AND INTERPRACTICAL RELATIONSHIPS OF THE OPERATIONAL SEARCH ACTIVITY

The author based on the analysis of already existing interdisciplinary and interpractical connections of the operational search activity shows how disciplines and practices can be distinguished, as well as their individual components, which are most preferably used to form new interdisciplinary and interpractical connections.

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Sergei Petlitskiy

FACTORS THAT DETERMINE THE USE OF AN INTERSCIENTIFIC APPROACH IN THE ORGANIZAQTION OF CRIME DETECTION AND INVESTIGATION

The article reflects the theoretical and applied aspects of the organization of crime detection and investigation. The attention is focused on interscientific relations and factors that have actualized the need to use an interscientific approach to improve its provisions. As a result, the definition and content of the organization of crime detection and investigation as an interscientific category are clarified. Its organizational levels distinguishing managerial and forensic sciences are identified.

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Natalia Poliakovskaia, Inessa Anischenko

THE USE OF SPECIAL KNOWLEDGE IN THE DETECTION OF CRIMES COMMITTED USING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

The article examines the forms of using of special knowledge in the detection of crimes committed using information technology. Based on the analysis of scientific literature, law enforcement practice, as well as the results of a survey of employees of anti-cybercrime units, the authors came to the conclusion that special knowledge is used with the participation of a specialist in conducting investigative actions, forensic examinations and providing consulting assistance in their appointment, obtaining orienting information within the framework of operational search activities. The study focuses on some aspects of the appointment and conduct of forensic computer-technical and culturological examinations, forensic examination of radio-electronic devices and electrical household appliances.

The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library E-library.ru ( https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=65599048)

Anton Matlak

THE METHOD OF DETERMINING THE POSSIBILITY OF FIRING A FIREARM WITHOUT PULLING THE TRIGGER

The article discusses issues related to solving the diagnostic task of determining the possibility of firing a firearm without pulling the trigger when conducting a forensic ballistic examination. The author gives the reasons for the need to develop the methodology and describes in detail its structure, content and meaning of each section. The work substantiates the point of view according to which the introduction of the developed methodology into the practical activities of the forensic expert bodies of the Republic of Belarus will significantly improve the quality and objectivity of forensic ballistic examinations.

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Viachaslau Siamionau, Olga Yudina, Andrei Tsiatsiuyeu

MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISATION OF CARDIAC FIBROSIS IN SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH

This article presents the findings of a retrospective analysis of conclusions of forensic medical examinations of corpses in cases of sudden cardiac death. The study aimed to identify morphological changes in myocardial connective tissue among individuals with sudden cardiac death who died at the age of 18-45 years. Based on the study the authors concluded that the arrhythmogenic mechanism of sudden cardiac death prevails over the mechanical one, and in the vast majority of cases of sudden nonviolent death with an autopsy-negative picture of cardiac and extracardial causes of its occurrence, the development of fatal arrhythmia is due to a functional and (or) structural arrhythmogenic substrate caused by cardiac fibrosis (myocardial remodeling).

The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library E-library.ru ( https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=65599050)

Anna Khokh

THE STUDY OF THE SPORE AND POLLEN SPECTRA OF SHOES TO DETERMINE THE PRESENCE OF A SUSPECT AT THE CRIME SCENE

The article presents the results of an experimental-imitation blind study using spore-pollen (palynological) analysis by the nature of spore-pollen spectra in soil (soil-technogenic, soil-plant) layers on shoes of 25 examinees. The author has proved the potential possibility of establishing the facts of the suspect’s presence at the conditional scene of the incident (office). The results of the analysis are preliminary and indicate the prospects for further research in this area.

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Alexander Babuk

FORENSIC LINGUISTIC EXAMINATION IN CASES OF PROPAGANDA FOR WAR: FOREIGN EXPERIENCE

The article is dedicated to conducting a forensic linguistic examination in cases of propaganda for war in foreign countries. An attempt to explain the concept of propaganda from the point of view of foreign linguistics and foreign law is made in the article. The idea that propaganda as a phenomenon can be both positive and negative is substantiated. Propaganda for war as an offense regulated by international legal acts involves disinformation of a potential enemy about various ideas, circumstances, facts focused on escalating the conflict and subsequent initiation of hostilities. Based on various facts, on both historical and expert examples of foreign countries, various speech tactics of propaganda for war as a communicative strategy implemented through specific linguistic techniques are shown in the article.

The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library E-library.ru ( https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=65599052)

Iryna Khokhlova

ABOUT THE APPLICATION OF THE METHOD OF LOGICAL AND GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS IN THE FORENSIC LINGUISTIC EXAMINATION

This article presents the features of applying the method of logical and grammatical analysis in the study of different types of texts (oral, written, combined) in order to resolve issues in the process of conducting a forensic linguistic examination. The algorithm of actions of an expert linguist when performing a logical and grammatical analysis of texts is given, examples from practice of using the method are described, cases that cause difficulty for analysis are presented. The application of the described procedure allows you to conduct a comprehensive and objective study of forensically significant material and increase the effectiveness of the study.

The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library E-library.ru ( https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=65599053)

Elena Ryadchikova, Elena Belan

SIGNS OF SUBCULTURAL AFFILIATION TO THE CRIMINAL ORGANIZATION «AUE» (FROM THE PRACTICE OF CONDUCTING PSYCHOLOGICAL AND LINGUISTIC EXAMINATIONS)

The article presents the results of the theoretical and empirical author’s study of the signs of subcultural affiliation to the criminal organization «Ares’tantsko-urka’ganskoe e’dinstvo» (AUE). Attention is focused on the social danger of AUE and the harmful influence of this organization on the adaptive processes of the individual in interaction with society. The materials studied by the authors of the article convince that the subculture of the criminal organization AUE is essentially a counterculture, far from harmless, but very destructive, coming into demonstrative contradiction with the values and foundations of life of traditional society. The article analyzes the value orientations, language features, role statuses of AUE members, an expanded list of criteria for this criminal extremist subculture is presented, examples of specific words and expressions, behavioral manifestations that are signs of subcultural belonging to the AUE organization are
provided.

The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library E-library.ru ( https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=65599054)

Natalija Arhireeva, Valentina Avdei, Ol’ga Kudina

THE ROLE OF FORENSIC EXAMINATIONS IN THE INVESTIGATION OF THE CRIMINAL CASE OF THE GENOCIDE OF THE BELARUSIAN PEOPLE

The authors describe methods for conducting medical criminalistic examinations of bone remains found in mass graves, during which the number of dead, their age and gender, approximate height, race, possible cause of death and burial prescription were determined. Expert research includes a number of consistent methods and actions that make it possible to reconstruct tragic events bit by bit. The conclusions of medical forensic experts made a valuable contribution to the investigation of the criminal case of the genocide of the Belarusian people during the Great Patriotic War.

The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library E-library.ru ( https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=65599055)

Vladimir Sergejchik, Alexandr Rubanik, Sergej Zhamojdik, Aleksej Teterjukov

THE CALCULATED DETERMINATION OF THE HEAT FLOW INTENSITY AND THE POSSIBILITY OF FIRE SPREAD IN THE FORENSIC FIRE AND TECHNICAL EXAMINATION

In the work the authors based on the analysis of current regulations and approaches set out the theoretical foundations for calculation of resulting value of the heat flow in case of fire on adjacent facilities. The limitations, assumptions and features of the application of existing techniques are considered. Recommendations have been developed for determining the unknown parameters necessary to calculate the magnitude of the heat flow of a possible fire. Examples of calculation of thermal radiation generated as a result of burning of a spill of flammable liquids (combustible liquids) and a wooden one-story house as part of forensic fire and technical examinations are given.

The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library E-library.ru ( https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=65599056)